Chemical-Free Dyeing of Cotton With Functional Natural Dye: A Pollution-Free and Cleaner Production Approach

This study is a novel approach toward the development of chemical-free and sustainable textile dyeing process with minimum environmental risks. Cotton fabrics were cationized (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride in four concentrations subsequently dyed black tea extract. Eco-friendly colorant extraction from raw leaves was carried out aqueous media avoiding use hazardous organic solvents. The major coloring components extract are polyphenols like theaflavins thearubigin. Cationized cotton different shade depths without employing auxiliary chemicals process. For comparison, un-cationized same shades. It observed that samples exhibited very low color strength ( K/S ) values excellent colorfastness rating. However, showed remarkable enhancement their an increase concentration cationizing agent. Furthermore, to washing, rubbing, perspiration excellent, but lightfastness poor. Deep shades = 8.996) obtained for sample (20 g/l) (6%) Thus, natural colorants toxic solvents, economically viable surface modification cotton, render cleaner, sustainable, practicable at industrial scale. units could easily adopt this regulate pollution-free modifying existing infrastructure.